EvoLunch Seminar: Teemu Kuosmanen (University of Helsinki)
EvoLunch Seminar
Non-ergodicity in ecology and evolution
"Non-ergodicity in ecology and evolution"
Wednesday 10th September 2025
11:00 CET
Room 101, Sunstone Building, ISTA
Hybrid Meeting (for zoom link, email evolunch.seminar@ist.ac.at)
Stochasticity plays an important role in all biological systems. The standard way to deal with stochasticity involves averaging over an ensemble of independent realizations. However, such mean statistics need not accurately reflect the typical outcomes in any finite sample unless the system satisfies the property of ergodicity, which guarantees that each trajectory will over time experience the same statistics as the entire ensemble. Here, we argue that, in contrast, non-ergodicity might instead be the rule rather than exception in real biological systems and investigate its implications for eco-evolutionary dynamics through three case-studies. First, we show how demographic stochasticity leads to ergodicity breaking where the asymptotic growth rate carries a signature of the initial condition. This motivates us to define a mutant establishment threshold, which quantifies a critical population size above which the typical mutant population starts to grow. Second, we consider environmental stochasticity and demonstrate that autocorrelated environmental variation does not average out in time, which has the important consequence that the fitness of a genotype cannot be simply averaged over the environments. Finally, we show how in a metapopulation structure the evolutionary dynamics within a typical subpopulation can deviate from the ensemble dynamics in the entire metapopulation, which alone can explain the evolution and persistence of cooperation despite a fitness cost.